Industry 4.0 Smart Factory is a concept that connects digital systems with physical objects to create a smart factory that can seamlessly leverage data and technologies to improve efficiency and operations . A smart factory uses both digital and physical systems to move from one state to another in order to produce a product . Smart factories emphasize system interconnectivity and data sharing, helping manufacturers produce goods more quickly and with fewer defects while further cutting costs . Smart factory machines and devices generate data about their own health so that maintenance can be applied before they break down . Smart factories often deploy advanced robotics and sometimes 3D printing . Smart manufacturing is the concept of using technologies to coordinate physical and digital processes within factories and across the manufacturing supply chain . The main goals of smart manufacturing are to improve operational performance and quickly respond to supply and demand fluctuations . Smart factories appeal to manufacturers because they can reduce costs, enhance efficiency, allow production to scale quickly based on changing demand, reduce reliance on workers, and lower product defects . The ultimate goal of a smart factory is to speed up processes and eliminate errors . Artificial intelligence, machine learning, the Internet of Things, and advanced robotics make most smart factories tick . Even with smart factory automation, people still play a vital role .